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2 AFMAN15-111 12 MARCH 2019
specific manufacturer, commercial product, commodity or service in this publication does not
imply endorsement by the AF.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
This document has been substantially revised and needs to be completely reviewed. Major changes
include the addition of roles and responsibilities and the reorganization of weather elements into
respective chapters. The majority of operations have not changed but this manual must be read in
entirety because of its restructure.
Chapter 1— OVERVIEW 7
1.1. General. .................................................................................................................. 7
1.2. The procedures in this manual apply to all AF Weather organizations or
associated contractors performing weather observing in support of AF, Army, or
DoD wide operations. ............................................................................................. 7
1.3. The AN/FMQ-19, AN/FMQ-22 and AN/FMQ-23 are certified AF fixed base
weather observing systems (FBWOS). ................................................................... 7
Chapter 2— ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 8
2.1. AF/A3W will process all T-0 waiver requests submitted by Air Force Weather
organizations. .......................................................................................................... 8
2.2. WF/Det Leadership will: ........................................................................................ 8
2.3. WF/Det technicians responsible for preparing weather observations will: ........... 9
Chapter 3— REPORTING AND ENCODING WEATHER OBSERVATIONS 10
3.1. Aviation Weather Code Forms. ............................................................................. 10
3.2. METAR/SPECI Code Format. ............................................................................... 11
Figure 3.1. Automated/Augmented METAR/SPECI Code. ...................................................... 12
3.3. Coding METAR or SPECI Reports. ...................................................................... 12
3.4. Coding Missing Data in METAR and SPECI Reports. ......................................... 13
3.5. Remarks (RMK). ................................................................................................... 13
3.6. Observation Methods. ............................................................................................. 14
3.7. Magnetic Declination. ............................................................................................ 15
3.8. Unofficial Weather Reports. .................................................................................. 15
3.9. Modes of Observation. ........................................................................................... 15
