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GLOSSARY
ATTITUDE: noun; the position of an aircraft in relation to its areas, i.e., whether the front is
pointed upward or downward, or to the right or left; or whether one wing is higher
than the other Ex. When the aircraft leaves the airport the pilot usually puts it in a
front-up attitude to gain altitude rapidly.
BUMP: noun; (1) a small projection or raised area on an even surface
Ex. Drive slowly here, there are a lot of bumps in the road.
(2) the effect on a vehicle or aircraft as if it has run over a bump.
Ex. I didn't see what we ran over but I felt the bump.
CHOP: noun; (when reporting turbulence) a turbulence that produces
the effect of a continuous series of close together bumps
Ex. We had about three minutes of light chop but otherwise there was no turbulence
and the flight was smooth.
DRAFT: noun; a current of air; updraft = a current of air upward,
downdraft = a current of air downward
Ex. The aircraft went through a strong downdraft and lost altitude.
DOWNWIND: adjective or adverb; a position from an object so that the
wind blows from the object to that position
Ex. You can expect turbulence if you are downwind from the mountains.
EDDY: noun; a turning current of air behind an obstruction caused by
the motion of the air passing around or over the obstruction
Ex. There are eddies of air downwind from the building that are dangerous to small
aircraft when they are landing.
EXTREME: adjective; a very large degree of effect
Ex. The heat last summer was extreme for this area.
Ex. The aircraft was damaged by extreme turbulence.
INTERMITTENT: adjective; occurring with irregular frequency
Ex. We have had intermittent rains for three days.
JOLT: noun; the effect on a vehicle or aircraft as if the structure
had received a quick strong hit
Ex. That last jolt was very strong, if we have many more like that the aircraft will be
damaged.
LEEWARD: adjective or adverb; the position of objects that are downwind
from another object (See downwind.). Ex. Lenticular clouds form on the leeward side
of the mountain.
